Gran Turismo 2 - Tuning Guide Version 0.2 The U.S. Version of Gran Turismo 2 for PSX By Dan GC (Guardian Cloud) When Made: 01/29/00 01:36 PM PT Last Updated: 03/05/00 11:14 AM PT Document Information: 53 K (54, 528) bytes Designed for, at least, IE 3 or NN 3 at 640x480 Resolution and Courier New font enabled 54, 528 characters (letters, numbers, etc.) Gran Turismo 2 was... Created by: Polyphony Digital Licensed by: SCEA Published by: SCEA Released: December 17, 1999 Okay, if you have any comments, questions, corrections, or any other things you can add to this, E-mail them to _________________ Table of Contents ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ 1. Updates 2. What the use of this guide is 3. Preparation (Knowledge of Modification Parts) 1. Muffler 2. Brakes 3. Engine 4. Drivetrain 5. Turbo 6. Suspension 7. Tires 8. Others 4. Tuning 1. Springs 2. Ride Height 3. Dampers 4. Camber 5. Stabilizers 6. Brake Balance 7. Gear Ratios 8. Downforce 9. Toe 10. Limited Slip Differential 11. Yaw Control System 12. Active Stability Controller 13. Traction Control System Controller 5. Frequently Asked Questions 6. Special Thanks 7. Author Information Copyright Disclaimer: Unpublished Work Copyright (c) 2000 Dan GC This FAQ is for private and personal use only. It may only be reproduced electronically, and if placed on a Web Page or Site, may be altered as long as this Disclaimer and the above Copyright Notice appears in full. This FAQ is not to be used for profitable/promotional purposes; this includes being used by publishers of magazines, guides, book, etc. or being incorporated into magazines, etc. in ANY way without Full Authorization from me and any cohorts I may have. Gran Turismo and Gran Turismo 2 are copyright (c) 1999 Polyphony Digital and Sony Computer Entertainment. This FAQ was created and is owned by me, Dan GC All Copyrights and Trademarks are acknowledged that are not specifically mentioned in this FAQ. Please give credit where it is due. If you would like to print these document, save it as a Text Document on your Hard Drive first, then open WordPad (if you have it), then change the font to a more suitable one, such as Arial with the size of 10, take out unnecessary things, then print it afterwards. This FAQ can be found at: ________________________________________________________________________ GameFAQs www.gamefaqs.com The Shrine (under construction) come.to/theshrine ________________________________________________________________________ Part 1: Updates ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Version 0.2 03/05/00: Corrected Toe tune-up subsection and finally put up my true Web Page address, it's still under construction, though. Version 0.1 01/29/00: First Edition ________________________________________________________________________ Part 2: What the use of this guide is ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ This is a quick reference to the Modification Parts and Tuning sections of my Quick Cash Guide. It was created for the sake of ease to the reader and also, people really don't know that there is more stuff than just ways to get Quick Cash in my Quick Cash Guide. As a result, this was created to help people know how to tune their car efficiently. ________________________________________________________________________ Part 3: Preparation (Knowledge of Modification Parts) ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ The way to prepare is know what's going on. You will need to know what each modification part is and does. That's why this section is here. I have listed for you what you need to know. This is taken directly from the reference manual which is exactly how it is in the game. So you can also say it is taken directly from the game itself. Either way, all of this is copyright (c) 1999 Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc. _________________________________________________ 3.1: Muffler ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Sports: Combines a less-restrictive replacement sports-model air cleaner with a low back-pressure sports muffler to improve intake and exhaust flow. Ideal as a first-time turbo upgrade. Improves high-rpm torque in non- supercharged engines. Semi-Racing: A competition-grade air cleaner with urethane sponge filter is combined with a low-back pressure muffler designed to enhance engine performance at high rpm. Ideal for large-displacement turbo engines. When using with a non-supercharged engine, proper tuning beforehand is a must. Racing: Delivering even better intake efficiency than the semi-racing model, this racing air cleaner with a velocity stack is combined with a high- efficiency straight muffler designed for racing cars that normally operate in the high-rpm range. Suitable for tunings that maximize peak power. Reduces low-rpm torque and so requires proper consideration of engine characteristics, gear ratio, and other factors. _________________________________________________ 3.2: Brakes ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Sports Brakes: Contains carbon metallic brake pads for dependable stopping power, even during long-distance driving. With far more initial stopping power and fade resistance than ordinary brakes, these brakes are also suitable for endurance races. Brake fluid (DOT 5) is also changed. Brake Balance Controller: Controls the anti-lock braking system to maintain the desired balance in braking power between the front and rear brakes. Strengthen the front to increase understeer for extra stability, or strengthen the rear to increase oversteer for better maneuverability. Remember that a too-strong rear brake balance increases the likelihood of spinout. _________________________________________________ 3.3: Engine ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Performance Chip: The most basic upgrade. Altering the Engine Management Program settings allows you to boost power by adjusting engine ignition timing, the air/fuel ratio, and other variables. For turbocharged vehicles, the air filter and muffler are also replaced, for a beginner's-level upgrade. Full-Engine Balancing: An extensive upgrade that includes piston and connecting rod weight balancing, and a precision-balanced crankshaft. Reduces vibration and bearing loads, and allows higher engine speeds. The rev limiter is reset to take advantage of this. Port and Polish: Polishes the interior of the intake ports, reducing air-flow resistance boosts engine power by what may seem a low degree, but is essential for normally aspirated and supercharged engines alike. NA Tune-up: - STAGE 1 Boosts the power of non-supercharged engines by adjusting the ignition and valve timing and by installing thinner head gaskets for a higher compression ratio. The exhaust manifold is also replaced. Peak power is enhanced without affecting low-rpm torque. - STAGE 2 Picks up where Stage 1 leaves off. Not only raises the compression ratio even further with high-compression pistons and head polishing, but also boots high-rpm output by replacing the cams, mounting reinforced valve springs, and Port and Polish. Although low-speed torque is diminished somewhat, the emphasis here is on boosting high-rpm power. The Engine Management Computer is also reset according to your vehicle specs. - STAGE 3 Following up on Stage 2 enhancements, this upgrade completely overhauls the engine to enhance high-rpm performance. Higher- compression pistons, special high-lift racing cams with a large amount of valve overlap, heavy-duty competition valve sprins and connection rods, and engine block strengthening are all part of the package. The power band is shifted to the medium to high range to boost maximum horsepower. Displacement Increase: There's no replacement for displacement. This upgrade raises cylinder displacement by increasing engine bore and stroke. Greater displacement generally boosts the engine's torque in all rpm ranges. _________________________________________________ 3.4: Drivetrain ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Transmissions: - Sports Transmission Replaces a normal transmission assembly with a transmission with closer gear ratios in all five gears. Prevents revs from dropping below the powerband when upshifting, and allows smoother downshifts. Ensures useful power ina variety of turns. Recommended for non- supercharged engines. - Semi-racing Transmission These gear ratios are even closer than those of the Spors Close- Ratio Transmission. This gearbox is ideal for highly-tuned cars with a narrow powerband. Note that upshifting and downshifting will become more frequent. Because of time loss during shifting, this transmission may be counterproductive in cars with high-torque, wide-powerband engines. - Full-racing Transmission For races that permit the replacement of all gears, including the final drive gear. This upgrade also makes it possible to fine-tune the gear ratios according to vehicle specs and circuit features. Clutch: - Heavy-Duty Single Plate Clutch Changes the clutch feeling during upshifting, so that upshifting feels more direct than with a normal clutch. - Twin Plate Clutch This racing clutch kit features dual clutch places, ideal for high-torque, high-power vehicles. Reduces clutch slippage during upshifting, improving acceleration. - Triple Plate Clutch Featuring three clutch places, this clutch kit boosts torque transmission and enhances the directness of the power. Ideal for highly-tuned cars. Limited-Slip Differential (For Professionals): - 2-Way Limited-Slip A limited-slip differential that delivers the limited slip effect during both acceleration adn deceleration. Stabilizes the vehicle attitude during braking, thereby permitting even harder braking. Delivers powerful traction during acceleration, but clearly makes turning more difficult and so is suited to drivers who are skilled at turning. - 1.5-Way Limited-Slip Reduces the limited-slip effect during deceleration while maintaining the full limited-slip effect during acceleration. This ensures powerful traction, and during braking, prevents excessive reduction in the force o fthe car attempting to turn. Free of quirkiness, this is a good all-around limited-slip unit. - 1-Way Limited-Slip Tis limited-slip activates the limited-slip effect only during acceleration, and so is suitable for front wheel drive vehicles, which are difficult to turn under any conditions. The absence of the limited-slip effect during braking makes it possible to maximize turning power. However, the tendency of the vehicle to lose stability during braking should be noted. The shortcoming of this type of limited-slip is that vehicle characteristics during acceleration change greatly when the accelerator is released to decelerate. - Full Customization This special rcing modification allows independent adjustment of the limited-slip effect during acceleration and deceleration. Although capable of greatly changing a car's performance, this modification requires careful adjustment as improper adjustment can destroy the car's balance. Flywheel: - Sports A lightweight flywheel made with chrome molybdenum steel. Lets the engine rev mroe quickly. Improves acceleration slightly, but with narrow-powerband engines, revs may drop below the powerband unless a close-ratio transmission is also used. - Semi-Racing Even lighter than the sports type, this flywheel is especially designed for racing. Makes for a quick-revving engine. Improves acceleration slightly, but with narrow-powerband engines, revs may drop below the powerband even more easily unless a close-ratio transmission is also used. - Racing A super-lightweight flywheel exclusively for racing. Makes for a quick-revving engine that also drops revs quickly. Improves acceleration and deceleration, but with narrow-powerband engines, revs may drop below the powerband unless a close-ratio transmission is also used and the driver can master the proper shifting technique. Driveshaft: - Carbon Driveshaft A lightweight driveshaft made with a carbon composite. Situated between the engine and the differential gear in front-engined, rear wheel drive or all wheel drive cars, the driveshaft is just as important as the flywheel for acceleration performance. _________________________________________________ 3.5: Turbo ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Turbo Kit: - STAGE 1 A turbo kit that uses a compact turbocharger to generate high-rpm torque without sacrificing torque in the low to medium rance. Minimal turbo lag and high response combine to create an excellent balance suitable for all types of circuits. metal gaskets, oil coolor, a reinforced oil pump, and other high-durability parts are also installed. - STAGE 2 A turbo kit that stresses high-rpm peak power and low to mid-range balance. Torque in the low range is somewhat low compared to Turbo Kit 1, but mid to high range power is boosted considerably. In addition to metal gaskets, oil cooler, a reinforced oil pump, and other high- durability parts, a fuel pump, injector, computer, and other turbo components are also installed. - STAGE 3 A turbo kit that focuses on quarter-mile acceleration. The powerband shifts further into the high-rpm range than with Turbo it 2. For greater effectiveness, this turbo kit should be combined with a close-ratio transmission and other parts. The cam is also replaced with one designed for turbo characteristics. In addition to metal gaskets, oil cooler, a reinforced oil pump, and other high-durability parts, a fuel pump, injector, computer, and other turbo components are also installed. - STAGE 4 An oversized, high-rpm, high-output turbo kit designed purely with maximum horsepower in mind. Suitable for maximum-speed contests, for instance. The cam is also replaced with one designed for turbo characteristics. Ina ddition to metal gaskets, oil cooler, a reinforced oil pump, and other high-durability parts, a special fuel pump, injector, computer, and other turbo components are also installed. Intercooler: - Sports This air-cooled intercooler cools the hot intake air after it is pressurized by the turbocharger. By lowering the intake air temperature, air density is increased, allowing for more fuel to be used and boosting power. An essential part for a high-performance turbo engine. - Racing Boosts the power of a supercharged engine by lowering the intake air temperature. The larger capacity increases the temperature-reducing capabilities but slightly lowers engine response. This high-capacity intercooler is a suitable upgrade for engines with a high maximum supercharging pressure. _________________________________________________ 3.6: Suspension ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Suspension Kits: - Sports An all-purpose, beginner-friendly suspension kit that covers all types of driving, from street to circuit. Both front and rear shock absorbers are adjustable to one of 10 damping force levels. Camber angle is also adjustable. Clearnace is lowered approximately 1 inch in the front and back. Two-way low-pressure gas shock absorbers (adjustable to 10 levels). - Semi-Racing A ride height-altering suspension kit for intermediate drivers. Spring rate and the shock absorber damping force are harder than with normal sports suspension. Front and rear ride height is adjustable in 1-millimeter increments. Damping force is adjustable to one of 10 levels, and camber angle is also adjustable. Single high-pressure gas shock absorvers. - Full Customization (For Professionals) Enables tuning of all suspension parts. Adjusts shock absorbers, replaces springs with ones with different spring rates, and replaces the stabilizar (anti-roll bar), which controls the vehicle's lateral roll stiffness. Wheel camber can be changed, and toe-in is also adjustable. Shock absorber compression (bound) and extension (rebound) are independently adjustable to one of 10 levels. _________________________________________________ 3.7: Tires ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Sports Tires: Sports tires are for paved-road driving and have a greater grip than normal tires. Mounting high-performance tires enhances a car's cornering, acceleration, and braking performance and is the most effective upgrade. Purchasing tiresentitles you to subsequent tire services for as long as you own those tires. Front and rear tires must be purchased together. Racing Slick Tires: - Racing Hard A set of front and rear slick tires for racing on paved surfaces. These tires have low grip but are made with a durable compund that ensures consisten grip over the long term. Because these tires warm up slowly, use proper caution during the first 2 laps on a racing course. - Racing Medium A set of front and rear slick tires for racing on paved surfaces and made of a special compund that provides a proper balance between grip and durability. Tires heat to the appropriate temperature after 1 lap to ensure high grip. Thee tires are not as durable as hard tires but last longer. - Racing Soft A set of front and rear slick tires for racing on paved surfaces and made of a special compund that provides excellent grip, although at the expense of some durability. Ideal for time trials, for instance. After only one-half lap, these tires heat sufficiently to provide excellent grip. Limited durability requires mroe-frequent tire replacement. - Racing Super Soft A set of front and rear slick tires for racing on paved surfaces. These tires, which cast durability to the win to provide maximum grip, requre only several turns to warm up to the point of maximum grip. Caution is required as loss of grip due to wear can occur suddenly. Dirt Racing Tires: Dirt racing tires, which must be mounted on all 4 wheels for racing on dirt courses. These tires are designed to ensure vehicle controllability on slippery gravel and other unpaved surfaces. Dirt racing tires are available only for certain vehicle types. Simulation Tires (For Professionals): A tire that even more closely approximates the characteristic of actual, real-life tires. These tires make driving with the game controller extremely difficult and so provide a virtual experience of real-life driving (as opposed to video-game driving), requiring early braking, careful steering, and delicate accelerator manipulation. This is a set of front and rear tires for paved surfaces. _________________________________________________ 3.8: Others ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Weight Reduction: - STAGE 1 Lightens the vehicle by removing unnecessary parts and relacing others with parts made of lightweight-material. The numerous advantages of a lighter car include enchanced acceleration performance, improved cornering and braking, and better tire durability. - STAGE 2 Lightens the vehicle more by removing more parts and/or replacing more with lighter materials. - STAGE 3 Takes Stage 2 lightening a step further. Racing Car Modification: Upgrades the car's materials and shape, changes the coloring, and adds aerodynamic parts, which adds downforce to the vehicle. Adjusting the front and rear downforce makes it possible to change the vehicle balance in the high-speed range. For Professionals: - Yaw Control System This component changes the setting of the Yaw Control System, which generates rotational moment in the vehicle by controlling the distribution of torque between the left and ride drive wheels. Raising the setting creates rotational moment during cornering, making turning easier. Note that too high a setting increases the likelihood of tire spinning. - Active Stability Controller Prevents spinning due to oversteering by actively controlling the braking power of all four wheels. A high setting stabilizes the car but makes cornering more difficult. A low setting permits greater freedom of movement in cornering but diminishes the spin-prevention effectiveness of the device. - TCS Controller For adjusting the setting of the TCS (Traction Control System), which prevents wheelspin by automatically releasing the accelerator when a drive wheel is detected to be spinning. Changing the traction control setting changes car's handling. A high setting stabilizes the car by eliminating wheelspin, but may dimish acceleration. With powerful rear wheel drive, a low setting can result in oversteering when the accelerator is being pressed. ________________________________________________________________________ Part 4: Tuning ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ When you select 'Settings' after entering a race, you will be brought to a screen that shows the car parts and you can change them however you like. Near the top-right of the screen is something that says... "L1 - Parts Settings" or something like that. If you push L1, you will be brought to another screen that allows you to tune your car settings. Do not change more than one thing at a time, since that might be the problem with your car if you do more than one setup change at a time. Oh yes, if you want the default settings for the thing you've changed, just push the [Start] button. Some Terms You Should Know: wheelspin - a wheel locks up and just slides fishtail - the result of wheelspin, the tire(s) just slide oversteer - the car steers too much when turning understeer - the car steers too little when turning body roll - the way the car rolls in the corner (bad if high) weight transfer - the transfer of weight when acceleration/braking _________________________________________________ 4.1: Springs ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Springs are supposed to keep the tires on the road and not lose control. But if the settings are too soft or hard, weight transfer is screwed up, as well as understeer/oversteer. Springs can have a lot of positive and negative effects, depending on what you do. If both springs lean more towards stiffness, then these are the effects: reduced grip on bumpy roads, reduced body roll, and increased handling. If both springs lean more towards softness, then the effects are the opposite if the springs stiff: increased grip on bumpy roads, increased body roll, and reduced handling. If you stiffen the front springs, more understeer will be induced. The same thing goes if you soften the rear ones. More oversteer will be induced if you soften the front springs or stiffen the rear ones. For cars with a lot of understeer, you shouldn't give it more oversteer since it'll probably be easy to spin out. Weight transfer is also affected if you change the springs. If the front springs are softened, front weight transfer is increased greatly when you brake. It may be good for a FWD car since it's front engine and front wheel drive. If you soften the rear springs, rear weight transfer is increased greatly while accelerating. It would be good for a RWD or 4WD car, since the rear wheels are used, road grip is increased while accelerating. You shouldn't really use the springs for balance, since you need to have the perfect settings so it could be right. The stabilizers are better for turning and road grip. Weight transfer is just too important to use the springs, but if you're good enough, you might want to use the springs. _________________________________________________ 4.2: Ride Height ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Ride height is the height of the bottom of the car from the ground on a straight paved surface. The lower the ride height, the less weight transfer there is during acceleration, braking, and cornering. This makes it more stable and since there is less weight transfer, cornering is improved. If the ride height is too low, you will lose control if you're going too fast when you go into a bump or jump (bottom out). You can stiffen the springs and/or dampers to get rid of this problem. Ride height should only be adjusted on smooth courses, otherwise you'll have a lot of trouble cornering. You shouldn't really mess with the ride height unless you know what you're doing. The car is usually fine as it is. You can usually just adjust the settings until you find what you think is best. _________________________________________________ 4.3: Shocks (Dampers) ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ The dampers (Shock Absorbers or simply just Shocks) dampens the "swinging" of the springs. The shocks are very important when cornering. - Bound: This affects the stability and handling of the car. The stiffer you make the Bound Damper, the more responsiveness the car has because weight transfer is more tolerable. If it is too stiff, stability is screwed up on non-smooth surfaces. If it is too soft, handling is terrible. - Rebound (affects entry and exit of corners): This affects the entry and exit of corners, as well as turning. To reduce understeer when turning, you can soften the front or stiffen the rear. Also, to reduce oversteer, stiffen the front or soften the rear. _________________________________________________ 4.4: Camber ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Camber's the angle the tires make with the road, it's measured in degrees. The grip of the tires to the road depends on the camber angle. Zero camber angle is supposed to have the maximum grip, but in reality it doesn't because a small negative camber makes the tires tilt inward, so when you turn, the tire is aligned perfectly with the road. It is aligned perfectly with the road as it is on a straight road with zero camber. In order to achieve maximum grip while turning, you need to have some negative camber. A positve camber isn't very good and you should never make it positive. You should just mess with the camber settings until you find something ideal for your driving style. For some reason, in GT2, you cannot make the wheels' angles negative, so I suggest you to leave this alone and adjust the Toe instead. _________________________________________________ 4.5: Stabilizers ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ The stabilizers are similar to the springs in what it does. The stiffer the front and rear, the more responsive handling is. But this can screw up the stability on bumpy surfaces. While the softer the stabilizers, the less responsive handling is, although it gives more stability on bumpy surfaces. If you soften the front or stiffen the rear, understeer is reduced. Likewise, if you stiffen the front or soften the rear, oversteer is reduced. However, do not over-stiffen/soften the front or rear because it can have a negative effect, especially if you try to reduce understeer. Fishtailing can become quite common and may lead to spin outs. But if you reduce oversteer too much, you may not be able to take the turns as easily, and if you turn too hardly, it is very easy to fishtail or spin out, so be careful. _________________________________________________ 4.6: Brake Balance ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ The purpose of the Brake Balance is to adjust the power of the brakes when braking. In order to reduce oversteer, increase the front or reduce the rear. You can also reduce understeer if you reduce the front or increase the rear. You would want a little higher front brake balance than the rear, in most cases, because you won't oversteer while turning, thus making it easier to turn without spinning out or fishtailing. _________________________________________________ 4.7: Gear Ratios ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ The final gear is the most important, but the other gears can be used to adjust acceleration and gear changes. The lower the number, the more max speed there is. The higher the number, the less max speed there is. Remember, though, the higher the max speed, the more acceleration is reduced. Likewise, the lower the max speed, the more acceleration is increased. For courses with a lot of corners (not many straight surfaces for acceleration), you would generally want faster acceleration, so you would increase the number. But for a course like the Test Track, you would want a higher max speed, so you would decrease the number. I've gotten E-mail from people asking me how to increase the max speed even further after getting fully tuning-up their car, and after putting the gear settings to their lowest because some cars seem to only be able to go up to 220 MPH or so. What I'm about to tell you will make the car's max speed exceed the amount you think is the max possible. Well, go to the Machine Test and choose 'Max Speed' to test your car's max speed. Go to the Settings, go to the Gears Settings, and put all of the gears to their lowest and start the test. See your car's max speed and if you want to increase it even further, quit and go back to the Settings. Push [Start] while highlighting one of the gears to return it to its default settings, and change the gears to their lowest settings again. Take the test again and the max speed should have either increased or decreased. Now quit and go back to the Settings once again. You see the option all the way at the bottom of the menu with the gears? Well, select it and move it to the right a few, then push X or O to accept. Then push [Start] and it'll return to its default number. Go to the gears and make them the lowest possible. Take the test again and the max speed should have increased. Note: Don't do this for all cars since the higher your max speed, the less acceleration you have. You can also only do this for the final gear afterwards _________________________________________________ 4.8: Downforce ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ This is the aerodynamic force that pushes the car down to the road. The higher the front and rear are, the more grip during cornering is. That also makes the car more stable, since it sticks to the road more. But this decreases speed on a straight surface because a lot of weight it put down on the car. The lower the front and rear are, the less grip during cornering is, although speed is increased on straight surfaces. You can reduce understeer by increasing the front or decreasing the rear. Also, if you decrease the front or increase the rear, oversteer is reduced. The faster your car is going, the more downforce effects your car. _________________________________________________ 4.9: Toe ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Similar to the camber, except somewhat different. It is the angle the tires make with each other. Zero toe means the tires are parallel with each other. A positive toe causes the tires to be more outward towards each other, while a negative toe makes the tires more inward to each other. If you use a negative toe for both the front and back, handling is increased, but if the angle is too low, handling will be messed up. If you use some negativaty, handling is increased because the tires lean inward and when you turn, the tire are perpendicular to the ground, just like what camber does. But any adjustment to Toe may wear out the tires quickly in races that allow tire damage, especially Endurance races. Use at your own risk, it is recommended you just adjust the Traction Control System Controller instead, unless you know what you're doing. A positive front toe or negative rear toe reduces oversteer, while a negative front toe or positive rear toe reduces understeer. Thanks to Ramon for correcting me and other things related to Toe Negative Toe: This is what the left and right tires are like when you make it negative. It's somewhat exaggerated, but you get the picture (the top of the tires lean inward). Also known as Toe-in. /ŻŻŻ/ \ŻŻŻ\ / / \ \ / / \ \ /___/ \___\ Left Right If you keep a positive camber and make some negative toe, the tires will lean inward some and steering is easier, but you lose some stability. Turning is easier because weight transfer puts pressure in the direction you are trying to turn. Positive Toe: This is what the left and right tires look like when you make it positive. It's somewhat exaggerated, but you can still understand it (the top of the tires lean outward). Also known as Toe-out. \ŻŻŻ\ /ŻŻŻ/ \ \ / / \ \ / / \___\ /___/ Left Right You will gain extra stability, but turning becomes more difficult. Zero Toe: This is what the left and right tires look like when you make the toe zero. The tires are parallel to each other. |ŻŻŻ| |ŻŻŻ| | | | | | | | | |___| |___| Left Right On a straight road, stability to the road is nearly perfect. If you had toe-out, stability would increase further. But when you turn, well, that's different. It is more difficult to turn than if you had toe-in. _________________________________________________ 4.10: Limited-Slip Differential ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ The limited-slip differential is composed of LSD during initial torque, acceleration, and deceleration. If you get this for an FF, you you only get the 'Front' sets. If you buy this for an RR or FR, you receive only the 'Rear' sets. As for a 4WD, both 'Front' and 'Rear' sets are received. - Initial Torque FF: If you soften it, responsive handling is reduced, but there is less body roll as well as more stability. Stiffening it results in increased responsive handling, but increased body roll and less stability. FR/RR: By softening it, responsive handling increases, although body roll increases as well and less stability. By stiffening it, responsive handling decreases, even though body roll decreases and stability increases. 4WD: By softening the front, responsive handling is reduced, but there's more stability and less body roll. If you stiffen the front, responsive handling is increases, but you get less stability and more body roll. Stiffening the rear results in less acceleration, although you get more stability. If you soften the rear, you receive more acceleration, but in return, you get less stability. - Acceleration Grip to the road is increased while accelerating, but stability is reduced while braking. When braking for a corner, the car is hard to handle, but when you exit the corner, it works very well. This can be fixed by adjusting the LSD Deceleration. A high setting gives you fast acceleration, but handling is reduced. A low setting gives you low acceleration, but handling is increased. - Deceleration Grip, stability, and turning ability are increased while braking. A high setting gives you great grip, stability, and turning ability while braking, but all that stuff is reduced while accelerating. A low setting reduces grip, stability, and turning ability while braking, but that stuff is increased while accelerating. Fix this problem by adjusting the LSD Acceleration. _________________________________________________ 4.11: Yaw Control System ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ This basically controls the distribution of torque between the left and right wheels. This is similar to the Limited-Slip Differential of cars, and some cars without the LSD have this. If you get this for an FF, you you only get the 'Front' sets. If you buy this for an RR or FR, you receive only the 'Rear' sets. As for a 4WD, both 'Front' and 'Rear' sets are taken. A high setting gives the car faster turning speed, but fishtailing becomes more common. A low setting gives the car slower turning speed, but fishtailing is reduced. There aren't many cars with this, and those with it aren't the best cars, except perhaps some rally cars. _________________________________________________ 4.12: Active Stability Controller ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ This controls the overall braking power of all four wheels. This stabilizes the car more when cornering and increases grip to the road. A higher setting decreases responsive handling, but increases stabilization when cornering and increases grip to the road. While a lower setting increases responsive handling, stabilization during cornering and grip to the road are reduced. This is very similar to the Limited-Slip Differential Initial Torque, so just look at that when dealing with this. _________________________________________________ 4.13: Traction Control System Controller ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ This reduces the delivery of power to a wheel that is losing grip to the road. A high setting increases overall grip to the road, but decreases speed on a straight road. A low setting decreases overall grip to the road, but increases speed on a straight road. The TCSC is ideal for FRs, RRs, and 4WDs. A car with good grip to the road can corner easily while a car with bad grip corners difficultly. And if a car has good grip, it is more stable and more difficult to spin out and fishtail. A car with bad grip is less stable and pretty easy to fishtail and spin out. ________________________________________________________________________ Part 5: Frequently Asked Questions ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Q = Question C = Comment A = Answer 1. Q: Is there Drag Racing somewhere in this game? A: Sadly, my friends, there isn't. The following is taken from a reply I received from JCulbert: "Sony officially made a statement saying it was incomplete due to time constraints (imagine that)..." and that's why there is no Drag Racing in this game. 2. Q: Does it still count if you use a Car from Simulation in Arcade to beat the races and unlock the secrets? A: Yes, it does. You don't have to use the cars available, just use your cars in Simulation. It's an easy way to win. 3. Q: Do you have to change your tires to Dirt tires before you enter a Rally race? A: No, you don't. All you need is to have the Dirt tires bought for the Car and enter the race. It automatically puts the Dirt tires on for you, but when you go to a non-Rally race, your car will have Normal tires on, so be sure to change it before you race. 4. Q: Where can I find (Car name)? A: I'm sorry, this is just a Quick Cash Guide, not a Car list. I can help you out as much as I can through E-mail, though. But I don't have all cars, yet. Although, I believe there are a LOT of cars that aren't in the game. But, since it takes nearly a year for a car in Japan to come out in the U.S., the name is changed by either a number series or year. For example, a Nismo 400R in U.S. might be a Nismo 390R in Japan and a '95 model in Japan might be a '96 model in the U.S. Actually, now that a list of the cars you can win are up, you don't have to ask me. All cars you can't win can be bought, either used or new. 5. Q: What cars do you need to complete Simulation? A: Check out the section above this one, Section #6: Cars I Won and Bought. It doesn't have all the cars, though, since only 100 cars can be in your garage. So get around 90, sell your excess cars, and by one car at a time just to beat the races a car company sponsors. Then sell that car when you're done. 6. Q: Why can't I get a Gold Cup for the races? A: A Silver Cup denotes you won the race. You can't get Gold or Bronze. It was the same in GT. 7. Q: Why doesn't it save my record times? A: It won't save it on Simulation. The records are for Time Trial in Arcade Mode. If you play Time Trial in Arcade Mode and save the game, it'll be in Simulation for the course you played Time Trial in, but it has to be the same amount of laps for total race time, but for Fastest Lap, it doesn't matter. 8. Q: What does that green/yellow symbol in the Game Status screen represent in the lower-right corner? A: If you do Data Transfer (Convert) from Gran Turismo data to Gran Turismo 2 and haven't done the License tests for B and A yet, then the tests of those licenses will have the symbol. But you have to pass the B and A license tests in Gran Turismo. It means you converted data. 9. Q: Why didn't I get a car when I Converted data? A: Look above. I never said you get a car when you 'Convert' data. That green/yellow symbol doesn't mean 'Gold.' You didn't win a car simply because you Converted data. The symbol has to be 'Gold' in order for it to be 'Gold.' You still have to take the tests and get 'Gold' to win a car. 10. Q: How do you win the other cars in a race that has more than one car to win? A: The car you win is completely random. There is some probability involved, but it never increases until you do certain things. To do that, you can get a certain completion status percentage and/or beat another race then try the race you were going after first again. Another thing is using one of the other car(s) you won in that race. One more, use another car from another company in the same city. Remember, it's random. Also, if you can, try to do another race before trying to get the car you didn't get. I got the [R]Impreza Rally Car in the Grand Valley endurance race by beating two city races (car company-sponsored races), then using the [R]R390 GT1 LM Race Car '97. Then I got the [R]GT90 in the Seattle Circuit endurance race by doing the same and using the [R]Dodge Concept Car LM Edition. Then to get the Lancia Stratos in the Apricot Hill endurance race, I just went directly to it using the [R]FTO LM Edition. For the [R]GT-ONE Race Car '98 in the Gran Turismo World League, I used the [R]Calsonic GT-R GT '99 to win. 11. Q: How do you sell your cars? A: Go to the Garage, select the car, and there is an icon that says 'Sell' next to 'Get in.' Select 'Sell' and you'll get a choice to sell the car or not. 12. Q: Is there a silver trophy when you beat an Event Generator race? A: Apparently, the silver trophy symbol hasn't appeared when I beat the Event Generator races. 13. Q: Is there any way to sort your cars in your Garage? A: Thanks to Dave for submitting this. Yes, there is. It isn't very easy, but highlight a car and push [Start]. That highlighted car will go all the way to the top of the whole car list. It takes planning since you have to build the list from bottom-up instead of top-down. Also, if you push 'Left,' you'll move up one page and if you push 'Right,' you'll move down one page. 14. Q: Where's Chrysler? A: Thanks to Chris F. for this stuff. Chrylser is represented in GT2 as Dodge and Plymoth. And since the merger of Mercedes-Benz and Chrysler, it is now Daimler Chrysler, so if you want to get technical, Mercedes-Benz is part of the same company. The companies owned by Daimler Chrysler (Plymouth, Dodge, etc. and Mercedes-Benz) still use the same names just for familiarity among the public. The merger with Plymouth will end in one to three years. 15. Q: Does Time Trial Mode (Arcade Mode) affect your game in Simulation in anyway such as %? A: No, it doesn't. It just gives you bragging rights to your friends. Nothing special. 16. Q: When you beat every track on Hard for Arcade Mode, you're done, right? A: Uh huh. If there is a [R] symbol to the left of the course name, you've unlocked the reverse of that course. And if there is a yellow highlighted car icon to the right of the course name, then you've unlocked a car. 17. Q: What do you unlock when you completely beat Arcade Mode? A: Thanks to Wolf for this as well: Class S Aston Martin V8 Vantage FR 550 HP Dodge Viper GTS FR 449 HP Jaguar XKR Coupe FR 369 HP Lister Storm FR 593 HP Renault Clio Sport V6 24V MR 249 HP Ruf CTR 2 4WD 571 HP Shelby Cobra Daytona Coupe FR 389 HP TVR Tuscan Speed Six FR 359 HP Vector M12 MR 490 HP Venturi Atlantique 400 GT MR 408 HP Rally Cars Corolla Rally Car 4WD 294 HP Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution V Rally Car 4WD 285 HP Subaru Impreza 99 Rally Car 4WD 295 HP Ford Focus Rally Car 4WD 299 HP Peugeot 206 Rally Car 4WD 294 HP Toyota Celica GT Four Rally Car 4WD 261 HP Nissan Pulsar Gti-R Rally Car 4WD 231 HP Mazda Protege Rally Car 4WD 241 HP Subaru Impreza Rally Car 4WD 281 HP Citroen Saxo Rally Car FF 197 HP Lancia Delta HF Integrale Rally Car 4WD 266 HP Opel Tigra Ice Race Car 4WD 418 HP Renault Megane Rally Car FF 221 HP Toyota Celica GT-Four Rally Car 4WD 251 HP Toyota Celica GT-Four Rally Car 4WD 295 HP Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution III Rally Car 4WD 256 HP Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution IV Rally Car 4WD 276 HP Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution VI Rally Car 4WD 293 HP Daihatsu Storia X4 Rally Car 4WD 152 HP Ford Escort Rally Car 4WD 299 HP Lancia Stratos Rally Car MR 236 HP Peugeot 306 Rally Car FF 221 HP Mini Cooper 1275 S MK1 FF 73 HP VW Golf Rally Car FF 221 HP 17. Q: How do you change the speedometer to KPH from MPH? A: You can't, at least in the U.S. version simply because that's what the U.S. uses, they don't use the metric system so those are the regulations. 18. Q: Where do you put the GameShark codes in? A: If you ask me a question like that, then you probably don't even have a GameShark. I won't answer it, I don't have a GameShark. I'll tell you a little something about it: I don't own a GameShark nor am I a GameShark technician. GameShark is a non-Sony endorsed third party product designed to cheat with games. If you don't have the peripheral, then, of course, you can't put GameShark codes in. There are variations of GameShark as well as a Pro Action Replay. The GameShark comes with instructions if you buy it legally somewhere, right? 19. Q: Can you race against computer-controlled cars in Rally races? A: Sadly, you can't. That really sucks, no action when racing against a ghost car, and it's programmed and it's path never changes. It should change in GT2000. 20. Q: Is 98.25% the max completion for Simulation? A: Yes, it is. Drag Racing was taken out of the game and that would have filled in the last 1.75%. They probably really took it out because they don't have many new things to put in GT2000. Now wouldn't it be interesting if they also had motorcycle racing in GT2000? I mean, sure, it's not really Grand Touring, but it could be something to consider. 21. C: I gave this game a bad review because there is no point system, I can't hear the music, the driving is too realistic, and it's hard to get a lot of money. A: Point system? Oh, you must be talking about a series of races together and the winner is determined by how many points you get. You probably reviewed this game by only playing a few hours, like magazine reviewers, who jump to conclusions. There is this 'point system' you talk about. Check out the races that say "(race series)" in the 'Races and Cars Won' section. And as for you not being able to hear the music, perhaps you should go to the 'Options' in the main menu and turn down the 'Sound.' The driving too realistic? Hilarious. You haven't seen anything yet. Maybe you should buy 'Simulation' tires and you'll see how hard driving really is. Plus, it is, after all, a racing simulation. Is it truly hard to get money? You haven't read my Quick Cash Guide, have you? 22. C: Ridge Racer Type 4 is a much better racing game than Gran Turismo. The graphics are much better. A: Do you really think so? Maybe you are right. But it isn't a "Gran Turismo killer." I played R4 at a friend's house and the driving is really unrealistic: it's difficult to spin out and the turning is like Speed Racer. The graphics...better than GT? No. Better than GT2 (not car-wise)? Probably. Actually, if you checked it out, GT and R4 have sprites, it's just they use more dots per centimeter or so, so it doesn't look like a sprite. 23. Q: Can you give me some GameShark codes for the Endurance races? A: Yes, I will. I know you can beat computer by at least three laps when you finish the race, so why not make it easier to just use a code and beat them much more quickly? Thanks to Wolf for all of this stuff as well. Here it is: D00A99AC 0000 800A99AC 00?? ?? 05 = End of 5th Lap 1E = End of 30th Lap 27 = Start on 40th Lap 31 = Start on 50th Lap 3C = End of 60th Lap 59 = Start on 90th Lap 62 = Start on 99th Lap Where the "??" is in the second line of the code, you input one of the things under the second "??" and to the right of them it explains what the code does. Have any questions or if you can help me answer any questions that need confirmation, then E-mail them to lbdangc@aol.com ________________________________________________________________________ Part 6: Special Thanks ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ Wolf : He sent me a list of all the races and cars you win from them, plus all of the cars he won and bought to complete Simulation. He's 98.25% done with it. Oh yes, and he also sent me GameShark codes for the Endurance races. It's in the Frequently Asked Questions section, Question #23. Ramon Correcting me on the Toe tune-up section. Also told me adjusting Toe may wear out the tires quickly in races that allow tire damage. Red Phoenix The little 'Dragon' ASCII art in the Author Information section. Brett "Nemesis" Franklin Cool guy with a great FAQ. Has a lot of information. Check it out. John Culbert : His Gran Turismo 2 Compendium. It's a great guide with a lot of information. Check it out for everything except for a way to get quick cash. Kao Megura: His old disclaimer which I'm using ________________________________________________________________________ Part 7: Author Information ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ . . ' }\ /{ ' / \ ) \__/ ( / \ / \ (*\ /*) / \ / \_ \ / _/ \ ( \|\../|/ ) / | VV | \ / Dan GC \ / \ ( LB Dan GC@aol.com ) \ / / Web Page \ / ŻŻŻŻŻŻŻŻ \ / The Shrine \ ( http://come.to/theshrine ) | /\ /~\|T|\/~\/~\/|T|/~\ /\ | | / \/ '|' )) '|' \/ \ | |/ (( \| ' )\ ' (\/) \/ "You're funny. But keep it up and you'll just piss me off." ~ Xenogears' Fei Don't plagiarize! It's bad! And always give credit where it is due! ________________________________________________________________________ Unpublished Work Copyright (c) 2000 Dan GC ________________________________________________________________________ END